I am currently researching penal law and I am curious about the law of other states.
@Foobar: the first thing I noticed when I started reading a translation of the German Penal Code were these two definitions:
Section 242 Theft
(1) Whoever takes moveable property not his own away from another with the intent of unlawfully appropriating the property for himself or a third person, shall be punished with imprisonment for not more than five years or a fine.
The two definitions seem identical. Is it a translation fault, or am I missing something?Section 246 Misappropriation
(1) Whoever unlawfully appropriates moveable property of another for himself or a third person, shall be punished with imprisonment for not more than three years or a fine if the act is not subject to more severe punishment under other provisions.
Also: article 246 (2) says:
Is the translation mistaking "possession" with "property"? Shouldn't it be "if the possession was entrusted to the perpetrator?(2) If in cases under subsection (1) the property was entrusted to the perpetrator, then the punishment shall be imprisonment for not more than five years or a fine.
Last question: in the Romanian Penal Code we do not have more or less criminal offenses, we only have infractions. We have an infraction called "abuse of trust", which refers to the situation where a civil legal document concerning a movable is in action between two or more parties, granting the physical possession of the good to another person, and this person uses the good in ways which he is not entitled by the contract or appropriates it. Is there a correspondent in the German law for this infraction?
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You are missing something . §242 (theft) is like a more severe form. It means that you have to take something from someone else. You have to break someone else’s possession, so to speak. §246 does not need that.
For instance, if I find a mobile phone on the street and take it for myself, that’s 246 (misappropriation/trover). It was in nobody’s possession at the time. Or if you lend me your mobile phone and I don’t return it, that’s misappropriation, too. You gave it to me willingly. But if I pick up a mobile phone from a shelf in a store that sells them, that’s 242 (theft). Because I have taken it out of someone else’s custody. And while we’re at it: If I even use force or threaten to hurt or kill you, it becomes robbery (§249).
Is the translation mistaking "possession" with "property"? Shouldn't it be "if the possession was entrusted to the perpetrator?
Last question: in the Romanian Penal Code we do not have more or less criminal offenses, we only have infractions.
We have an infraction called "abuse of trust", which refers to the situation where a civil legal document concerning a movable is in action between two or more parties, granting the physical possession of the good to another person, and this person uses the good in ways which he is not entitled by the contract or appropriates it. Is there a correspondent in the German law for this infraction?
Of course, if you keep the car and don’t return it, then your committing a crime (misappropriation in this case). If you take a baseball bat to it, you’re also committing a crime (damage to property). But if you do nothing else except make a trip home and return it afterwards, that’s not a matter for the prosecutor. The German legislation believes that such things are part of the legal autonomy of the citizens. Which means that we should decide between ourselves what penalty should be due for what violation of a contract.
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Geändert von foobar (25.10.2012 um 01:40 Uhr) Grund: Plural